Fig. 6

Schematic representation of various types of cancer therapies and their mechanisms of action. This figure categorizes and illustrates different cancer treatment modalities including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. Each therapy type is depicted with its specific mechanism of action, such as direct cytotoxic effects, DNA damage induction, targeted inhibition of cancer-specific pathways, immune system activation, and hormone receptor modulation. The diagram aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how each therapy targets cancer cells and the underlying biological mechanisms involved